Jumuah prayer is mandatory upon city and town dwellers regardless of their observance of Eid prayer, only the villagers and bedouins who had come from out of town to observe Eid prayer are exempted from jumuah prayer if they leave after performing Eid prayer. ( since they are normally exempted from Jumaah prayer).
This is the opinion of Imam Abu Haneefah, Imam Malik, Imam Shafiee. The view of *three* of the *four* schools of thought ( Mazhab) and even the Literalist *(Zahiri)* is that one is not exempted from performing the Jumuah prayer by virtue of performing the Eid prayer.
▪ Evidence of the Majority
✴ The Quranic verse which stipulates that Friday prayer is an obligation:
*“O you who have believed, when (the adhan) is called for the prayer on the day of Jumuah (Friday), then proceed toward the remembrance of Allah and leave trade. That is better for you, if only you knew.”* ( Q62 V9)
➡ This Quranic verse cannot be overridden by any report that indicates something different unless it is of the highest authenticity, more also there doesn’t seem to be any rational reason why one obligation should be dropped due to a non obligatory act.
✴ It is narrated from Ibn Shihab that Abu Ubayd, the freed slave of Ibn Azhar, said, *“I was present for Eid with Uthman ibn Affan. He came and prayed, and when he finished he gave a sermon saying, “Two Eids have been joined together for you on this day of yours. If any of the people from al-Aliyah (an area outside the city of Madinah) wish to wait for the Jumuah they may do so, and if any of them wish to return, I given them permission.* (Muwatta, Sahih Bukhari)
➡ It is inconceivably that Uthman perceived this ruling by reason, therefore the narration will have the status of a Prophetic narration most especially Uthman (R.A) made this statement in front of a large gathering of great Sahaaba (Radhiallaahu Anhum ). If this permission was general and included the people of the city also, then the Sahaaba would have opposed and raised objections immediately against Uthman (R.A) as to why was he granting special permission only for the Bedouins and not for the people of the city. It is thus established that the concession is restricted to those upon whom Jumuah is not mandatory and therefore Jumuah will not be abandoned due to Eid.
*THE SECOND OPINION
Jumuah Prayer is not mandatory for whoever performed the Eid prayer, but must still pray Salatul Zuhr. This is the opinion of Imam Aḥmad and the Hambali school of thought . It is also the opinion of later scholars such as Ibn Taymiyyah , Shawkani, Ibn Baz ,Sayyid Sabiq and others.
We recommend that both Juma’at and Eid should be observed.
